Environmental systems science: theory and practical applications
Vallero, Daniel A.,
Environmental systems science: theory and practical applications - Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2021 - xi, 692 pages : illustrations (black and white, and colour) ;
Includes index
Introduction
Environmental Systems Science: Theory and Practical Applications
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: Systems science
Introduction
The environmental scientific method
The march of science
The computational paradigm
Public health and environmental governance
Complexity
Thermodynamics
Emergence
Quid quid recipitur
Fuzziness
Systems-based communications
References
Further reading
Chapter 2: Dynamical environmental systems
Introduction
Scale: A key to transitional environmental science Relationship between spatial and temporal scales
Scale in thermodynamics and motion
Environmental first principles
Natural versus engineered system dynamics
Ecosystem dynamics
Human dynamics
Environmental systems dynamics
Cycling within and between environmental systems
A systems view of oxygen
Sensitivity
References
Further reading
Chapter 3: Transitional and translational sciences
Introduction
Transitioning from the past: Pollution episodes
Meuse Valley, Belgium
London, England
Donora, Pennsylvania
Lessons learned Recent air pollution emergencies involving hazardous substances
Bhopal, India: The trigger for better industrial planning
Nuclear accidents
World Trade Center, New York: Intentional episode
The rational approach: The key to translational science
Translating science to address environmental risk
Systems metrics
Transport and fate
Evolution toward systems science and computational approaches
Modularity and interoperability
Model uncertainties
References
Further reading
Chapter 4: Predicting risks in an increasingly complex world
Introduction Systems-based risk assessment
Microbes
Complex mixtures
Exposure probability
Dosimetry and exposure calculations
Biological models to support estimates of emerging risks
Exposure estimation
Secondary data
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances: Secondary data meta-analysis
Conclusions
References
Further reading
Chapter 5: Environmental system dynamics
Introduction
Pollutant formation processes: Chemodynamics
Synthesis or combination
Decomposition
Single replacement
Double replacement (also metathesis or double displacement)
Complete combustion Biogeochemodynamics
Spheres and cycles
Carbon equilibrium and cycling
The carbon cycle and greenhouse effect
Global warming potential
Combustion and carbon
Nutrient cycling
The nitrogen cycle
The sulfur cycle
Interactions between sulfur and nitrogen
Acid deposition
Metal and metalloid cycles
Metals and heat
Mercury biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry of other heavy metals
Metalloid cycling
Decision-making supported by biogeochemical knowledge
References
Further reading
Chapter 6: Endogenous dynamics in humans
Introduction
Inhalation exposure route
Looks at pollution and environmental quality from a systems perspective. Credible human and ecological risk estimation and prediction methods are described, including life cycle assessment, feasibility studies, pollution control decision tools, and approaches to determine adverse outcome pathways, fate and transport, sampling and analysis, and cost-effectiveness. The book brings translational science to environmental quality, applying groundbreaking methodologies like informatics, data mining, and applications of secondary data systems. Multiple human and ecological variables are introduced and integrated to support calculations that aid environmental and public health decision making. The book bridges the perspectives of scientists, engineers, and other professionals working in numerous environmental and public health fields addressing problems like toxic substances, deforestation, climate change, and loss of biological diversity, recommending sustainable solutions to these and other seemingly intractable environmental problems. The causal agents discussed include physical, chemical, and biological agents, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), SARS-CoV-2 (the COVID-19 virus), and other emerging contaminants. Key Features: Provides an optimistic and interdisciplinary approach, underpinned by scientific first principles and theory to evaluate pollutant sources and sinks, applying biochemodynamic methods, measurements and models. Deconstructs prior initiatives in environmental assessment and management using an interdisciplinary approach to evaluate what has worked and why. Lays out a holistic understanding of the real impact of human activities on the current state of pollution, linking the physical sciences and engineering with socioeconomic, cultural perspectives, and environmental justice. Takes a life cycle view of human and ecological systems, from the molecular to the planetary scale, integrating theories and tools from various disciplines to assess the current and projected states of environmental quality. Explains the elements of risk, reliability and resilience of built and natural systems, including discussions of toxicology, sustainability, and human-pollutant interactions based on spatial, biological, and human activity information, i.e. the exposome
012821953X 9780128219539
Environmental sciences.
Pollution.
chemical pollution.
363.7 / VAL
Environmental systems science: theory and practical applications - Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2021 - xi, 692 pages : illustrations (black and white, and colour) ;
Includes index
Introduction
Environmental Systems Science: Theory and Practical Applications
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: Systems science
Introduction
The environmental scientific method
The march of science
The computational paradigm
Public health and environmental governance
Complexity
Thermodynamics
Emergence
Quid quid recipitur
Fuzziness
Systems-based communications
References
Further reading
Chapter 2: Dynamical environmental systems
Introduction
Scale: A key to transitional environmental science Relationship between spatial and temporal scales
Scale in thermodynamics and motion
Environmental first principles
Natural versus engineered system dynamics
Ecosystem dynamics
Human dynamics
Environmental systems dynamics
Cycling within and between environmental systems
A systems view of oxygen
Sensitivity
References
Further reading
Chapter 3: Transitional and translational sciences
Introduction
Transitioning from the past: Pollution episodes
Meuse Valley, Belgium
London, England
Donora, Pennsylvania
Lessons learned Recent air pollution emergencies involving hazardous substances
Bhopal, India: The trigger for better industrial planning
Nuclear accidents
World Trade Center, New York: Intentional episode
The rational approach: The key to translational science
Translating science to address environmental risk
Systems metrics
Transport and fate
Evolution toward systems science and computational approaches
Modularity and interoperability
Model uncertainties
References
Further reading
Chapter 4: Predicting risks in an increasingly complex world
Introduction Systems-based risk assessment
Microbes
Complex mixtures
Exposure probability
Dosimetry and exposure calculations
Biological models to support estimates of emerging risks
Exposure estimation
Secondary data
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances: Secondary data meta-analysis
Conclusions
References
Further reading
Chapter 5: Environmental system dynamics
Introduction
Pollutant formation processes: Chemodynamics
Synthesis or combination
Decomposition
Single replacement
Double replacement (also metathesis or double displacement)
Complete combustion Biogeochemodynamics
Spheres and cycles
Carbon equilibrium and cycling
The carbon cycle and greenhouse effect
Global warming potential
Combustion and carbon
Nutrient cycling
The nitrogen cycle
The sulfur cycle
Interactions between sulfur and nitrogen
Acid deposition
Metal and metalloid cycles
Metals and heat
Mercury biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry of other heavy metals
Metalloid cycling
Decision-making supported by biogeochemical knowledge
References
Further reading
Chapter 6: Endogenous dynamics in humans
Introduction
Inhalation exposure route
Looks at pollution and environmental quality from a systems perspective. Credible human and ecological risk estimation and prediction methods are described, including life cycle assessment, feasibility studies, pollution control decision tools, and approaches to determine adverse outcome pathways, fate and transport, sampling and analysis, and cost-effectiveness. The book brings translational science to environmental quality, applying groundbreaking methodologies like informatics, data mining, and applications of secondary data systems. Multiple human and ecological variables are introduced and integrated to support calculations that aid environmental and public health decision making. The book bridges the perspectives of scientists, engineers, and other professionals working in numerous environmental and public health fields addressing problems like toxic substances, deforestation, climate change, and loss of biological diversity, recommending sustainable solutions to these and other seemingly intractable environmental problems. The causal agents discussed include physical, chemical, and biological agents, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), SARS-CoV-2 (the COVID-19 virus), and other emerging contaminants. Key Features: Provides an optimistic and interdisciplinary approach, underpinned by scientific first principles and theory to evaluate pollutant sources and sinks, applying biochemodynamic methods, measurements and models. Deconstructs prior initiatives in environmental assessment and management using an interdisciplinary approach to evaluate what has worked and why. Lays out a holistic understanding of the real impact of human activities on the current state of pollution, linking the physical sciences and engineering with socioeconomic, cultural perspectives, and environmental justice. Takes a life cycle view of human and ecological systems, from the molecular to the planetary scale, integrating theories and tools from various disciplines to assess the current and projected states of environmental quality. Explains the elements of risk, reliability and resilience of built and natural systems, including discussions of toxicology, sustainability, and human-pollutant interactions based on spatial, biological, and human activity information, i.e. the exposome
012821953X 9780128219539
Environmental sciences.
Pollution.
chemical pollution.
363.7 / VAL