TY - BOOK AU - Vallero,Daniel A. TI - Environmental systems science: theory and practical applications SN - 012821953X U1 - 363.7 PY - 2021/// CY - Amsterdam PB - Elsevier, KW - Environmental sciences KW - Pollution KW - chemical pollution N1 - Includes index; Introduction Environmental Systems Science: Theory and Practical Applications Copyright Contents Preface Chapter 1: Systems science Introduction The environmental scientific method The march of science The computational paradigm Public health and environmental governance Complexity Thermodynamics Emergence Quid quid recipitur Fuzziness Systems-based communications References Further reading Chapter 2: Dynamical environmental systems Introduction Scale: A key to transitional environmental science Relationship between spatial and temporal scales Scale in thermodynamics and motion Environmental first principles Natural versus engineered system dynamics Ecosystem dynamics Human dynamics Environmental systems dynamics Cycling within and between environmental systems A systems view of oxygen Sensitivity References Further reading Chapter 3: Transitional and translational sciences Introduction Transitioning from the past: Pollution episodes Meuse Valley, Belgium London, England Donora, Pennsylvania Lessons learned Recent air pollution emergencies involving hazardous substances Bhopal, India: The trigger for better industrial planning Nuclear accidents World Trade Center, New York: Intentional episode The rational approach: The key to translational science Translating science to address environmental risk Systems metrics Transport and fate Evolution toward systems science and computational approaches Modularity and interoperability Model uncertainties References Further reading Chapter 4: Predicting risks in an increasingly complex world Introduction Systems-based risk assessment Microbes Complex mixtures Exposure probability Dosimetry and exposure calculations Biological models to support estimates of emerging risks Exposure estimation Secondary data Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances: Secondary data meta-analysis Conclusions References Further reading Chapter 5: Environmental system dynamics Introduction Pollutant formation processes: Chemodynamics Synthesis or combination Decomposition Single replacement Double replacement (also metathesis or double displacement) Complete combustion Biogeochemodynamics Spheres and cycles Carbon equilibrium and cycling The carbon cycle and greenhouse effect Global warming potential Combustion and carbon Nutrient cycling The nitrogen cycle The sulfur cycle Interactions between sulfur and nitrogen Acid deposition Metal and metalloid cycles Metals and heat Mercury biogeochemistry Biogeochemistry of other heavy metals Metalloid cycling Decision-making supported by biogeochemical knowledge References Further reading Chapter 6: Endogenous dynamics in humans Introduction Inhalation exposure route N2 - Looks at pollution and environmental quality from a systems perspective. Credible human and ecological risk estimation and prediction methods are described, including life cycle assessment, feasibility studies, pollution control decision tools, and approaches to determine adverse outcome pathways, fate and transport, sampling and analysis, and cost-effectiveness. The book brings translational science to environmental quality, applying groundbreaking methodologies like informatics, data mining, and applications of secondary data systems. Multiple human and ecological variables are introduced and integrated to support calculations that aid environmental and public health decision making. The book bridges the perspectives of scientists, engineers, and other professionals working in numerous environmental and public health fields addressing problems like toxic substances, deforestation, climate change, and loss of biological diversity, recommending sustainable solutions to these and other seemingly intractable environmental problems. The causal agents discussed include physical, chemical, and biological agents, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), SARS-CoV-2 (the COVID-19 virus), and other emerging contaminants. Key Features: Provides an optimistic and interdisciplinary approach, underpinned by scientific first principles and theory to evaluate pollutant sources and sinks, applying biochemodynamic methods, measurements and models. Deconstructs prior initiatives in environmental assessment and management using an interdisciplinary approach to evaluate what has worked and why. Lays out a holistic understanding of the real impact of human activities on the current state of pollution, linking the physical sciences and engineering with socioeconomic, cultural perspectives, and environmental justice. Takes a life cycle view of human and ecological systems, from the molecular to the planetary scale, integrating theories and tools from various disciplines to assess the current and projected states of environmental quality. Explains the elements of risk, reliability and resilience of built and natural systems, including discussions of toxicology, sustainability, and human-pollutant interactions based on spatial, biological, and human activity information, i.e. the exposome ER -